Challenges in dissemination of energy conservation and pollution control measures 1
Till now we have concentrated mainly on proven technical options for energy conservation and pollution control in brick kilns. However, like any other technology dissemination process there are several other issues which are equally important and are likely to control the rate of technology dissemination in this sector. Some of these are:
i) Shortage of trained manpower –need for training Trained manpower is required at every stage of technology improvement. Today, brick industry faces a shortage of trained manpower at every level –there are very few competent consultants for planning and supervising kiln improvements; shortage of trained masons for kiln construction is one of the main reason for delay in the construction of fixed chimney brick kilns; lack of trained manpower particularly firemen and fire supervisors is a major hurdle in the adoption of more modern kilns like HD kiln or VSBK. At present there is no institution to impart formal training in the above mentioned fields. In Punjab, PSCST has started training manpower at various levels. However, several such initiatives are required in different parts of the country. The industry would also have to look at improving the working conditions because then only it can stop migration of talented manpower from the industry and attract new talent.
ii) Traditional and conservative outlook of the industry Most of the kiln owners are unable to look beyond the immediate future and do not realise the importance of continuous technical improvements, which are necessary if industry has to cope with tougher environmental laws (tougher air pollution standards , restrictions on use of top soil) in future. Increased competition from alternate building materials, new labour legislation’s etc. will also make technology improvements a necessity in the industry.
There is an immediate need to generate awareness and educate kiln owners regarding the need for technology improvement. At present, apart from personal contact there is no other way of communication in the industry. Starting of newsletters at national and regional level in vernacular languages and organisation of seminars/ meetings at state and district levels regarding the need and options for technology improvement should be given the highest priority.